9/22/2023 0 Comments French broom range usSee Habitat Types and Plant Communities for more information on impacted species.īroom invasion may also impact soils in invaded habitats. The small areas of remaining Oregon silverspot and Fender blue butterfly habitat have been invaded by Scotch broom and other nonnative species, changing plant community composition and structure and adversely affecting the quality of habitat for the threatened butterflies. For example, Wilson and Carey found a negative relationship between Scotch broom and deer mice, suggesting that Scotch broom areas have diminished value as wildlife habitat in the Oregon while oak communities in the Puget Trough, Washington. Scotch broom invasions may also impact native insects and animals. Studies in Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) plantations in New Zealand suggest that Scotch broom competes with Monterey pine for light and water, reducing growth and biomass of the trees and affecting their resource allocation. In Oregon and Washington, there have been complete stand failures of Douglas-fir regeneration because of Scotch broom infestations ( and references therein). Scotch broom may occupy 90% canopy cover and intercept 65% of the intermittent light in Douglas-fir plantations. Scotch broom establishment after logging interferes with conifer establishment in the Douglas-fir region. Scotch broom is a major forestry problem in the U.S., Canada, and New Zealand, particularly in reforestation after logging, as it can quickly overtop commercial crop trees ( and references therein). Scotch broom invasion in Australia appears to permanently change the structure, floristic composition and ecology of woodlands at one site. In an invaded prairie at Fort Lewis, Washington, a dense stand of mature Scotch broom intercepted 96% of the incident light and all native prairie vegetation was absent under these stands except colonial bentgrass and nonvascular cryptogams. In a cutover Douglas-fir forest in British Columbia, a 71% reduction in photosynthetically active radiation was measured under Scotch broom stands. Conditions under broom thickets are shaded and more humid than uninvaded stands and most understory vegetation dies out beneath large, mature broom shrubs ( and references therein), which leads to loss of herbaceous plants and tree seedlings on sites where broom is abundant. Scotch broom can dominate a plant community, forming a dense monospecific stand (see Growth habit and stand structure). Scotch broom invasion displaces native plant species including many threatened and endangered species (see Habitat types and Plant Communities). Additionally, Scotch broom invasion along roadsides causes problems and economic impacts for road maintenance crews. Scotch broom invasion may also increase fire hazard under some conditions, although the details of these conditions are not entirely clear (see Fire hazard potential). These include interference with native plants and animals, interference with desirable species in forest plantations, and impacts on soil properties and processes. Impacts of Scotch broom invasion are suggested or described by several authors. A review by Alvarez indicates that it displaces native herbaceous and woody plant species, its seeds are toxic to ungulates, and mature shoots are unpalatable. Little information is available in the literature regarding impacts of Portuguese broom invasion. These plants are often restricted to disturbed ground, and are not especially invasive in undisturbed natural habitats. Scotch broom is classified as a "Category 3," widespread, nonnative species by the USDA, Forest Service, Eastern Region. Scotch broom is considered a "serious, documented threat to sensitive species or ecosystems" especially in the South Coast, Central Coast, North Coast, and Sierra Nevada bioregions. Impacts: Rankings - Portuguese broom is listed by the California Invasive Plant Council as one of the most invasive wildland pest plants with regional distribution in California, and Scotch broom is listed as one of the most invasive wildland pest plants with widespread distribution in the state. More info for the terms: cover, density, fire management, formation, interference, invasive species, natural, nonnative species, presence, restoration, shrub, shrubs, tree In other English-speaking countries, the most prevalent common name is Scot In Britain and Ireland, the standard name is broom, but this name is also used for other members of the Genisteae tribe, such as French broom or Spanish broom, and the term common broom is sometimes used for clarification. Sarothamnus scoparius, is a perennial leguminous shrub native to western and central Europe. Cytisus scoparius, the common broom or Scotch broom, syn.
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